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If you were lucky enough to be walking along Lake Mendota shoreline at Shorewood Hills and Frautschi Point on March 16, 2026, you might have seen ice balls, or ice eggs, floating in the water.  This was a rare occurrence of naturally formed balls of ice that form in cold water.

While they look a little like hail, the formation of ice balls is very different. The freezing temperatures form sheets of ice on the water surface. The wind and the resulting wave action causes the ice sheets to break up and form small pieces of ice and slush. The gentle tossing of the water by a breeze causes the pieces of ice to collide and stick together. Single balls of ice begin to form in the ebb and flow of water and grow as layers of water freeze over the surface of the ice balls. Eventually the wind and water currents move the ice balls to the shoreline where they collect. Continue reading →

The ozone hole is a region of exceptionally depleted ozone in the stratosphere over the Antarctic. Each year for the past few decades during the Southern Hemisphere spring (August-October), chemical reactions involving chlorine and bromine cause ozone to be rapidly destroyed. This depleted region is known as the “ozone hole.”

Chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, are ozone-depleting chemicals that do not occur naturally. They were invented by chemists in 1928 and used as propellants in spray cans, in Styrofoam puffing agents and as coolants for refrigerators and air conditioners. In 1974, these human-made gases were first linked to ozone destruction. The United States banned the use of CFCs in 1978. Continue reading →

With the exception of a freaky 12.1 inches of slushy snow that fell on Madison on March 25, 2023, the most recent 10-inch snowfall in the city was Dec. 20, 2012 — nearly 13 years ago!

So, it’s been a very long time since we have been visited by the kind of snowfall we saw on Nov. 29-30 — the total over the two days was 11.7 inches. More than that, the 9.3-inch accumulation officially registered at Dane County Regional Airport on Nov. 29 was the largest single-day November snowfall total ever, eclipsing the former record of 8.5 inches that fell on Nov. 30, 1940. So, not only did we finally see a hefty snowfall event after more than a decade of waiting, but we also set an early-season record as well. Continue reading →

Weather forecasting is a science that has drastically improved over the last 50 years. Modern weather forecasting goes back to the mid-20th century, when meteorologists began using numerical weather prediction (NWP) computer models to simulate atmospheric processes. These models rely on physics and mathematical equations to represent the behavior of the atmosphere.

Studies have shown that a five-day weather forecast today is as accurate as a one-day forecast was in 1980. Today, three-day predictions of a hurricane path are more accurate than the 24-hour forecasts of the 1970s and 1980s. In addition, today’s forecast is easily accessible on your smart phone. Continue reading →