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Category Archives: Seasons
Are we ahead of schedule with the spring greening?
We all just lived through a historic April here in Madison, and broadly across the region.
In Madison and Milwaukee, April 2026 was the wettest April since record keeping began in 1869 and 1871, respectively. Madison received 7.26 inches of rain during the month, more than half of that amount coming on just three days (1.34 inches on April 2, 1.53 inches on April 14 and 0.98 inch on April 17). Continue reading
How might climate change impact insects?
Global warming can result in a multifaceted set of pressures on insect populations. Insects are cold-blooded and rely on ambient temperatures to regulate their internal body temperature. Unlike mammals, insects are more at the mercy of a hot environment because they can’t cool themselves by sweating or panting. That makes them vulnerable to extreme weather and temperature fluctuations. Their main defense strategies for excessive heat involve finding shade or burrowing underground.
Most insects are susceptible to heat stress between 82 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit. The observed warming trends contribute to an increased frequency of heat waves, which threatens some insect species. The increased heat waves can push some insect species beyond their thermal tolerance. Some recent research indicates that 25 out of 38 insect species studied may face increased extinction risk over the next century, driven by temperature changes in their habitats. Continue reading
Was the February 23 snowstorm in the Northeast really unusual?
The northeast United States experienced a once-in-a-generation storm on Feb. 23-24. It would take too much space to list all the remarkable snowfall records that were set during this event, though mentioning a couple is both irresistible and instructive.
Southeast Massachusetts and most of Rhode Island were hardest hit by both the snow and winds associated with this event. T.F. Green International Airport at Providence, Rhode Island, ended up with 37.9 inches of snow — its all-time two-day and single-day records — and suspended all operations on Feb. 23. Hurricane-force wind gusts were widespread in the region, with Wellfleet, Massachusetts recording a peak gust of 98 mph. Continue reading
Category: Meteorology, Seasons, Severe Weather
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What is a mesonet and what are they used for?
The term “mesonet” is a blending of the words “mesoscale” and “network.”
In meteorology, “mesoscale” refers to weather events that range in size from about one mile to about 150 miles. Mesoscale events last from several minutes to several hours. Thunderstorms, snow squalls and wind gusts are examples of mesoscale events. A mesonet refers to a network of collectively owned and operated automated weather stations that are installed close enough to each other and report data frequently enough to observe mesoscale meteorological phenomena. Continue reading
Why don’t trees freeze and burst in the winter like cold pipes?
When liquid water freezes, it expands as the water molecules spread out to form a solid crystalline lattice. If the freezing water is contained in a closed vessel, such as a metal pipe, it can press hard on the sides as it expands, causing the container to burst.
Trees contain water that is transported throughout the tree by the phloem and xylem, which we can think of as pipes.
Continue reading
