Category Archives: Seasons

How are fall colors impacted by our weather?

The most vibrant fall color will occur on years with ample moisture in the summer and dry, clear weather in the fall. Extreme heat and moderate-to-severe drought may negatively affect the fall foliage season.

In summer and spring, leaves are green because they contain chlorophyll, which reflects green light more than other colors. Other colors are absorbed by chlorophyll for photosynthesis. Continue reading

Category: Climate, Seasons

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Why is fog more common in the early morning?

Fog can occur any time of day throughout the year. In southern Wisconsin, fog is most frequent in the morning, between about 6 and 8 a.m.

Fog formation is the result of two primary processes. First, the air is cooled to the dew point, and the relative humidity reaches 100%. When the air temperature is the same as the dew point temperature, condensation of the atmospheric water vapor occurs forming fog droplets. Another method of fog formation requires water to evaporate from the surface into the air, increasing the relative humidity until condensation occurs. Continue reading

Category: Meteorology, Seasons

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When will we stop seeing 80F this year?

At the time of this writing, Madison is in its 6th straight day of temperatures at or above 80F and it is likely we will have one more to reach seven in a row.  As recently as 2022, we have … Continue reading

Category: History, Seasons

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Has it been unusually rainy so far this summer?

As we head into the last week of August, it is of interest to review aspects of this summer’s precipitation in Madison. 

First of all, every one of the three traditional summer months has been wetter than normal with June, July, and August (through Aug 20) coming in at 0.26”, 1.55” and 2.02” above normal for a total surplus of nearly 4”. Continue reading

Category: History, Seasons

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How does this summer dew point temperature compare with previous years?

The dew point temperature is the temperature to which the air must be cooled, at constant pressure, to get dew to form. As the grass and other objects near the ground cool and reach the dew point temperature, some of the water vapor in the atmosphere will condense into liquid water on the objects. While the dew point temperature is a temperature, it is also a measure of the humidity of the air. The higher the dew point temperature, the greater the amount of water vapor in the air.

To know how close the air is to saturation, we need to know the dew point and the air temperature. The closer the dew point is to the air temperature, the closer the air is to saturation. When the dew point equals the air temperature, the air is saturated, so the dew point temperature cannot be greater than the air temperature. Continue reading

Category: Climate, Meteorology, Seasons

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