Monthly Archives: December 2024

Was 2024 an interesting weather year for Wisconsin?

Yes, 2024 was a very interesting year. The statewide average temperature was 31.4 degrees Fahrenheit, which is 12.2 degrees warmer than the 1991-2020 normal. December 2023 to February 2024 was our warmest winter since record-keeping began in 1895. The statewide average temperature for the winter was 28.3 degrees, surpassing the previous record by 2 degrees.

Wisconsin’s average temperature during November 2024 was 38.7 degrees, which is 7.1 degrees above the November average temperature. Seventy out of Wisconsin’s 72 counties recorded a November 2024 average temperature much above average. Overall, 2024 is on track to be Wisconsin’s warmest year on record. Continue reading

Category: Climate, Seasons

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What is the difference between sleet and freezing rain?

Rain, snow, freezing rain, and sleet all generate hazardous traffic conditions.  Freezing rain, and the less intense freezing drizzle, can create the very treacherous road condition referred to as “black ice.” A freezing fog may similarly coat objects in ice while also reducing visibility.  Black ice is so named because the affected roadway appears dark, just like wet pavement. Black ice creates nearly zero friction conditions with vehicle tires so that correcting a skid in such conditions can be nearly impossible.  Continue reading

Category: Meteorology, Seasons

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How does factory exhaust contribute to snowfall?

An article in the Wisconsin State Journal reported that on November 26, 2024, a factory near Menomonie, Wisconsin contributed to a narrow band of snow that extended for nearly 100 miles. This can occur only with certain atmospheric conditions. A … Continue reading

Category: Meteorology, Phenomena

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Does the warmest autumn on record mean anything about the coming winter?

In the past several years we have occasionally mentioned our tracking of the areal extent of air colder than minus 5 degrees centigrade at about 1 mile above the surface of the Earth. This measurement has proven to be a very valuable addition to the collection of metrics of global warming. We have particularly commented on the wintertime (December, January and February) average of this extent measured over the entire Northern Hemisphere, noting that since 1948 the wintertime average extent has systematically decreased.

We have also been tracking this variable throughout the autumn over all these years and can report that this fall (Sept. through Nov. 30) recorded the smallest average areal extent of this cold air since at least 1948. That means we have just experienced the warmest Northern Hemisphere autumn in at least the past 77 years. Continue reading

Category: Climate, Seasons

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Is climate change uniform across the globe?

Temperature is a fundamental indicator of a climate. Annual and seasonal temperatures patterns have a defining role in the types of animals and plants that reside in an ecosystem. Rapid changes in temperature can disrupt a wide range of natural processes. This is one reason we monitor temperature changes as a metric for global change. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Centers for Environmental Information maintain a collection of climate data online at: www.ncei.noaa.gov

Concentrations of heat-trapping greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, are increasing in the Earth’s atmosphere. This increase is due to anthropogenic activity. In response, the average temperatures at the Earth’s surface are increasing and are expected to continue rising. Though global temperature changes can shift the wind patterns and ocean currents, the regional warming is not uniform. Continue reading

Category: Climate, History

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